@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4 Variable";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-wght-normal.D9elroTD.woff2) format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3 Variable";font-style:normal;font-weight:200 900;font-display:swap;src:url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-wght-normal.BqRLTx4X.woff2) format("woff2")}:root{--paper:#F7F5F0;--paper-2:#EFEBE3;--ink:#1B1B1A;--ink-2:#55524C;--rule:#D8D3CA;--blueprint:#1F4E79;--ochre:#B8621B;--slate:#7C8A96;--serif:"Source Serif 4 Variable",Georgia,serif;--sans:"Source Sans 3 Variable",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color-scheme:light}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);scroll-padding-top:24px}body{margin:0;font:1.125rem/1.65 var(--serif)}a{color:var(--blueprint);text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,[tabindex]:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blueprint);outline-offset:5px}p{margin:0 0 1em}h1,h2,h3{font-weight:600;line-height:1.25;text-wrap:pretty}h1{font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.15;margin:0 0 24px}h2{font-size:1.75rem;margin:64px 0 16px}h3{font-size:1.375rem;margin:40px 0 12px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}nav{font-family:var(--sans)}.page{max-width:1296px;margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:48px}.measure{width:min(680px,calc(100% - 96px));margin-inline:auto}.masthead{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;padding-top:32px;padding-bottom:28px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.identity{font-family:var(--sans);color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;display:block}.identity strong{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:600;display:block;line-height:1.2}.identity span{font-size:.875rem;letter-spacing:.02em;display:block;line-height:1.4;margin-top:4px}.masthead nav{display:flex;gap:28px}.masthead nav a,.site-footer nav a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;font-size:1rem}.masthead nav a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none}.masthead nav a[aria-current]{text-decoration:underline}.preview-note{font:.875rem/1.4 var(--sans);color:var(--ink-2);padding-top:12px}main{padding-top:64px}.eyebrow{font:600 .8125rem/1.4 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 16px}.meta,figcaption{font:.875rem/1.45 var(--sans);color:var(--ink-2)}.deck{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.4;color:var(--ink-2)}.statement h1{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.35;font-weight:400}.focus{margin-top:24px}.lead{margin-top:48px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:32px 0}.lead-link{display:block;color:inherit;text-decoration:none}.lead h2{font-size:2.625rem;line-height:1.15;margin:12px 0 20px}.lead-link:hover h2{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:5px}.lead .meta span{float:right;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--blueprint)}.recent{margin-top:48px}.article-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.article-list li{padding:24px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);scroll-margin-top:24px}.article-list .eyebrow{margin-bottom:8px}.article-list h3{font-size:1.5rem;margin:0 0 12px}.article-list .note h3{font-size:1.375rem}.article-list h3 a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none}.article-list h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.article-list .meta{margin-bottom:0}.publication{margin-top:64px}.topic-strip{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 24px;border-block:1px solid var(--rule);padding:12px 0;margin:32px 0}.topic-strip a{font-size:.9375rem;min-height:44px;display:flex;align-items:center}.year-group>h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1rem;color:var(--ink-2);margin:32px 0 0}.article-measure{max-width:680px;margin-inline:auto}.article-header h1{font-size:2.625rem;line-height:1.15}.byline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 16px;margin:24px 0}.byline-author{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;min-height:44px}.portrait{border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;flex-shrink:0}.portrait.large{float:right;margin:0 0 24px 32px}.status{border-left:2px solid var(--slate);padding-left:12px}.in-brief{padding:24px;background:var(--paper-2);border-block:1px solid var(--rule);margin:40px 0;font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.55}.in-brief h2{margin:0 0 12px}.in-brief p{margin:0}.mobile-toc{border-block:1px solid var(--rule);margin:40px 0;font:1rem/1.5 var(--sans)}summary{padding:12px 0;min-height:44px;cursor:pointer}.mobile-toc ol,.toc-rail ol{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.mobile-toc a{display:block;padding:10px 0;min-height:44px}.sub{padding-left:16px}.toc-rail{display:none}.prose{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:break-word}.prose>h2:first-child{margin-top:40px}.prose li{margin-bottom:12px}.prose strong{font-weight:600}.prose a[data-footnote-ref]{padding:12px 5px}.prose sup{line-height:0}.overflow{overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%;overscroll-behavior-x:contain}.figure,.data-table,.equation,.callout,.decision,.takeaways{margin:40px 0}.figure img{display:block;width:100%;max-width:none}.figure figcaption{margin-top:12px}.source{display:block;margin-top:8px}.scroll-hint{display:none}.data-table figcaption{margin-bottom:12px}.data-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:560px;font:.9375rem/1.4 var(--sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.data-table th{text-align:left;font-weight:600;background:var(--paper-2);border-bottom:2px solid var(--ink-2);padding:12px}.data-table td{padding:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);vertical-align:top}.data-table .numeric{text-align:right}.data-table .chosen td{background:var(--paper-2)}.callout{border-left:3px solid var(--rule);padding:8px 0 8px 24px}.callout.definition{border-color:var(--blueprint)}.callout.caution{border-color:var(--ochre)}.callout>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.decision{border-left:3px solid var(--ochre);padding:16px 0 16px 24px}.decision dl,.equation dl,.definitions{display:grid;grid-template-columns:112px 1fr;gap:12px 20px;margin:0}.decision dt{font:600 .875rem/1.5 var(--sans)}dd{margin:0;min-width:0}.takeaways{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:20px}.takeaways ol{padding-left:24px}.equation-row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px}.equation-row .overflow{flex:1}.equation dl{font:.9375rem/1.5 var(--sans);margin-top:12px}.equation dt{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.katex-display{margin:12px 0}.katex{font-size:1.1em}.footnotes{font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.5;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:64px}.footnotes .sr-only{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;clip:auto;overflow:visible}.footnotes h2{font-size:1.75rem}.footnotes a[data-footnote-backref]{padding:12px}.article-end>section,.article-end>.series-nav{margin-top:64px}.article-end h2.eyebrow{margin:0 0 16px}.citation{overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:.9375rem}.revisions{list-style:none;padding:0;font-size:.9375rem}.author-block{display:flex;gap:24px;padding-block:24px;border-block:1px solid var(--rule)}.author-block img{width:96px;height:96px}.author-block h2{font:600 1.125rem/1.3 var(--sans);margin:0 0 12px}.author-block p{font-size:1rem}.author-block p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.series-nav>div{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:32px}.series-nav a{max-width:48%;font-size:1rem}.site-footer{margin-top:128px;padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:40px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;align-items:center}.site-footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:20px}.site-footer p{font:.875rem/1.4 var(--sans);color:var(--ink-2);margin:0}.skip{position:absolute;left:20px;top:-100px;background:var(--paper);padding:12px;z-index:5}.skip:focus{top:10px}.method{padding-left:24px}.method li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:12px 0}.definitions dt{font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600}.topic-list{padding-left:20px}pre{background:var(--paper-2)!important;padding:20px;overflow:auto;font-size:.9375rem}code{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}@media(min-width:1025px){.width-wide{width:960px;max-width:calc(100vw - 96px);margin-left:calc((680px - min(960px,100vw - 96px))/2)}.width-full{width:1200px;max-width:calc(100vw - 96px);margin-left:calc((680px - min(1200px,100vw - 96px))/2)}}@media(min-width:1280px){.article-measure{margin-left:284px;margin-right:0}.article-body-grid{position:relative}.toc-rail{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:40px;bottom:0;width:220px}.toc-rail nav{position:sticky;top:32px;max-height:calc(100vh - 64px);overflow:auto;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.4}.toc-rail li{margin-bottom:4px}.toc-rail a{display:block;padding:10px 0;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink-2)}.toc-rail a:hover,.toc-rail a:focus{font-weight:600;color:var(--blueprint)}.mobile-toc{display:none}.prose .width-wide,.prose .width-full{width:min(916px,calc(100vw - 380px));max-width:none;margin-left:0}}@media(max-width:1024px){.page{padding-inline:32px}.measure{width:min(680px,calc(100% - 64px))}.width-wide,.width-full{max-width:100%}}@media(max-width:640px){body{font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6}.page{padding-inline:20px}.measure{width:calc(100% - 40px)}main{padding-top:40px}.masthead{padding-block:20px;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start}.identity strong{font-size:1.125rem}.identity span{font-size:.8125rem;max-width:180px}.masthead nav{gap:16px}.masthead nav a{font-size:.9375rem}.eyebrow{font-size:.75rem}h1{font-size:1.75rem}h2{font-size:1.5rem;margin-top:48px}h3{font-size:1.25rem}.statement h1{font-size:1.625rem}.lead h2,.article-header h1{font-size:2rem}.deck{font-size:1.1875rem}.article-list h3{font-size:1.3125rem}.article-list .note h3{font-size:1.25rem}.in-brief{font-size:1.125rem;padding:20px}.byline{display:block}.byline>span{display:block;margin-top:8px}.scroll-hint{display:block;margin-top:8px}.data-table th:first-child,.data-table td:first-child{position:sticky;left:0;background:var(--paper);max-width:160px;min-width:120px}.data-table th:first-child,.data-table .chosen td:first-child{background:var(--paper-2)}.data-table table{font-size:.875rem}.decision dl,.equation dl,.definitions{display:block}.decision dt,.equation dt,.definitions dt{margin-top:16px}.decision dd,.equation dd,.definitions dd{margin-top:4px}.author-block{gap:16px}.author-block img{width:48px;height:48px}.portrait.large{float:none;width:120px;height:120px;margin:0 0 24px}.series-nav>div{display:block}.series-nav a{display:block;max-width:none;margin:16px 0;min-height:44px}.site-footer{margin-top:80px;display:block}.site-footer p{margin-top:16px}}@media(max-width:360px){.masthead nav{gap:10px}.identity span{max-width:150px}.identity strong{font-size:1rem}.masthead nav a{font-size:.875rem}}@media(max-width:400px){.data-table th:first-child,.data-table td:first-child{position:static}}@media print{html{background:#fff}.masthead nav,.site-footer nav,.preview-note,.toc-rail,.mobile-toc,.scroll-hint{display:none}.article-measure{margin-inline:auto}.page{padding:0}.measure{width:100%}.width-wide,.width-full{width:100%!important;margin-left:0!important}.overflow{overflow:visible}.figure img{min-width:0!important}.data-table table{min-width:0}a{color:inherit}h2,h3,figcaption{break-after:avoid}.figure,.equation,.decision{break-inside:avoid}main{padding-top:24px}}.equation math{font-size:1.1em;margin:16px auto}.ledger th[scope=row],.data-table tbody th{font-weight:400;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}#table-1 table{min-width:640px}#table-1 th:first-child,#table-1 td:first-child{min-width:140px}#table-1 th:nth-child(n+2),#table-1 td:nth-child(n+2){min-width:220px}.figure .scroll-hint,.data-table .scroll-hint{display:block;margin-top:10px}.analytics-settings{font:inherit;color:inherit;border:0;padding:0;background:none;text-decoration:underline;cursor:pointer}.analytics-consent{position:fixed;bottom:1rem;left:1rem;right:1rem;max-width:34rem;margin-left:auto;padding:1rem;background:#fff;color:#182d3a;border:1px solid #62717b;box-shadow:0 2px 12px #0002;z-index:20;font:1rem/1.45 var(--sans,sans-serif)}.analytics-consent[hidden],.analytics-settings[hidden]{display:none}.analytics-consent p{margin:0 0 .8rem}.analytics-consent div{display:flex;gap:.65rem;flex-wrap:wrap}.analytics-consent button{font:inherit;background:#fff;color:#182d3a;border:1px solid #62717b;border-radius:2px;padding:.5rem .7rem;cursor:pointer}.analytics-consent button:focus-visible,.analytics-settings:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #086b8d;outline-offset:3px}
